The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey Essays

The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey Essays The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey Paper The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey Paper Article Topic: The Odyssey Ladies assume a significant job in the epic, The Odyssey, composed by Homer. Set in a period ensuing to the Trojan War, the records of Odysseus and his hardships highlight four fundamental sorts of ladies: the goddess, the temptress, the witch and the great spouse. Each of these depicts the job of ladies in an alternate manner, some in complete difference to the genuine human advancement of the period. Antiquated Greece was a lot of a man centric culture. Men were viewed as of higher status than ladies, and were viewed as the more grounded sexual orientation. Sports were saved only for men, as were writing, governmental issues and reasoning. Regularly, a lady was judged, not by her own accomplishments, yet by the riches and status of her dad or spouse. A lady would be compelled to be hitched at a youthful age, save the house for her significant other and have kids. Generally, antiquated Greek ladies were not instructed, despite the fact that in Athens, ladies were educated to peruse, at school or at home, basic realities on folklore, religion and periodically instruments and similarly as with most different spots in old Greece, they took in the nuts and bolts of the family unit; turning, weaving, sewing, cooking and other family unit occupations. The godlike goddesses stand out from the particular qualities of an old Greek lady in the Odyssey. Athena, goddess of knowledge, for instance, addresses the Gods, including her dad, regardless of the conventions of status. By disregarding these customs, Athena gives her quality and certainty. It appears she is straightforward, and is increasingly a run of the mill portrayal of a cutting edge lady than that of old Greece. All through the book, Athena shows extensive pity for Odysseus, notwithstanding the way that men were as far as anyone knows the more grounded sexual orientation: she utilized her influence to urge the divine beings to reevaluate their fate for him, and set him liberated from Calypsos island, and she enlivened contemplations for Odysseus when he is persevering through the fierceness of Poseidon on his excursion to the island of the Phaeacians. Now, Athena intrudes on Odysseus negative musings of being slamming into harsh rocks, to give him clutching one of the stones as the waves ran into them. In addition to the fact that she stirs ideas inside Odysseus, yet Athena helps him all the more inconspicuously by advancing considerations in others. For instance, when Odysseus is appeared on Scherie, Athena shows up in Nausicaas dream as one of her companions. She convinces her that she ought to proceed to wash her garments in the waterway, which is the place she first experiences Odysseus, and helps him in his continuous journey by taking him to her folks for friendliness. The second of lady is the temptress. The Nymph Calypso spares Odysseus when he is washed upon the shore of her island, and saves him as a sexual detainee for a long time, offering everlasting status as a byproduct of him remaining with her. She is an ideal case of how ladies could be ground-breaking against man, yet still be overruled. This is on the grounds that when she keeps Odysseus hostage on Ogygia, Odysseus has no capacity to do any unique. Nonetheless, it is Zeus official choice that he ought to be discharged from her island, and Hermes, ambassador to the divine beings, who advises her. These are the two men causing her to accomplish something she doesnt need to, yet she needs to obey them, which is an impression of the antiquated Greek conventions. Moreover, Calypso is additionally observed as the model master, offering her visitor ambrosia, nectar and garments. She does this easily and delight, as she even offers Hermes these things before inquiring as to why he had come to see her. She apparently is indecent by laying down with a wedded man, yet to at the same time have great habits, depicting the multifaceted nature of ladies which wasnt perceived in antiquated Greek society. Likewise an enchantress, however simultaneously a witch, Circe is initially depicted as tricky and sly. She baits Odysseus men into her home before transforming them into pigs. Her duplicity demonstrates her to be autonomous and solid disapproved, in spite of the fact that she is then demonstrated to be more vulnerable than men when Odysseus shows up. Differentiated against his grit in Book 10, Circe shows weakness when stood up to by Odysseus after he has eaten the medication of genuine goodness from Hermes to shield him from the witches dark enchantment. Circe at that point attempts to entice Odysseus, yet he avoids until he can make sure about a promise among himself and the witch. She, in any case, shows a total dismissal for men by transforming them all into pigs, at that point putting her own wants before their opportunity, and this shows Circe additionally has totally opposing attributes from the antiquated Greek ladies. Then again, when Odysseus exhibits his capacity by pulling out his blade, Circe falls to her knees and begins crying uncontrollably, demonstrating that it is Odysseus who holds the authority now. Little girl of King Alcinous, Nausicaa, is introduced as a develop individual, as she is unmarried, along these lines youthful, but then she doesnt flee when she sees Odysseus exposed by the stream. She teaches her servants to give him garments, and he reacts to this by not embracing her knees and asking for help, similar to he previously thought of doing. This shows Nausicaa is all around regarded. She additionally thinks about her picture as a prudent lady, since when Odysseus goes to the royal residence with her, he needs to stroll behind her, so individuals didnt think they were together. Additionally, when Nausicaa takes Odysseus to meet her folks with the goal that he can get help from them, she demands he meet her mom first instead of her dad. This shows her regard for her mom, and her comprehension of the manner by which the framework should work, yet the information on how it really does. At long last, the great master and spouse are depicted by Penelope. Much following 20 years, she has remained faithful to Odysseus by slowing down the admirers. This is additionally very mischievous, as she drives them into imagining that once she completes her weaving, shell wed one of them, aside from consistently she fixes all that she accomplished that day. This is the side of her which appears to be not normal for that of the ladies of antiquated Greece. Nonetheless, corresponding to the old Greek customs of statuses between sexual orientations, Penelope is denounced by her own child. She is advised to go to her room and quit settling on choices since that was his anxiety as he was the man of t he house. With no encounter, she surrendered as came back to her room. This shows Penelope is appeared differently in relation to different ladies depicted in The Odyssey, since she is tantamount to the old Greek society, though Athena, Calypso, Circe and Nausicaa are disparate. All in all, ladies in The Odysseus are for the most part depicted as solid willed and receptive individuals with their own musings and assessments. Albeit some are undying, and evidently liberated from human feeling, they feel misfortune, outrage and dread, and can have intercourse to mortal men. Their quality of character is shown with their capacity and eagerness to separate from the intermittent generalizations of ladies, in spite of the fact that at long last, they quite often give up to the old Greek man centric culture. On the off chance that these charcters were to be put in the old Greek society, I imagine that they would be disposed of from the human progress, aside from Penelope who might coordinate into the way of life with her surrendered demeanor towards the men around her.

Die Lorelei by German Poet Heinrich Heine

Kick the bucket Lorelei by German Poet Heinrich Heine Heinrich Heine was conceived in Dã ¼sseldorf, Germany. He was known as Harryâ until he changed over to Christianity when he was in his 20s. His dad was an effective material shipper and Heine followed in his dads strides by considering business. He before long acknowledged he didn't have a lot of fitness for business and exchanged over to law. While at the college, he got known for his verse. His first book was an assortment of his movement journals called Reisebilder (Travel Pictures) in 1826. Heine was one of the most compelling German writers in the nineteenth century, and German specialists attempted to smother him as a result of his radical political perspectives. He was likewise known for his expressive exposition, which was combined with a good soundtrack by traditional greats, for example, Schumann, Schubert, and Mendelssohn. The Lorelei One of Heines well known sonnets, Die Lorelei, depends on a German legend of a charming, alluring mermaid who draws sailors to their demise. It has been combined with a good soundtrack by various arrangers, for example, Friedrich Silcher and Franz Liszt.â Here is Heines poem:â Ich weiss nicht, was soll es bedeuten,Dass ich so traurig bin;Ein Mrchen aus alten Zeiten,Das kommt mir nicht aus dem Sinn.Die Luft ist kã ¼hl, und es dunkelt,Und ruhig fliesst der Rhein;Der Gipfel des Berges funkeltIm Abendsonnenschein.Die schã ¶nste Jungfrau sitzetDort oben wunderbar,Ihr goldenes Geschmeide blitzet, Sie kmmt ihr goldenes Haar.Sie kmmt es mit goldenem KammeUnd singt ein Lied dabei;Das cap eine wundersame,Gewaltige Melodei.Den Schiffer im kleinen SchiffeErgreift es mit wildem Weh;Er schaut nicht kick the bucket Felsenriffe,Er schat nur hinauf in bite the dust Hà ¶h.Ich glaube, bite the dust Welllen verschlingenAm Ende Schiffer und Kahn;Und das cap mit ihrem SingenDie Lorelei getan. English interpretation (not generally deciphered actually): I dont recognize what it meansThat I am so sadA legend ofâ bygone daysThat I can't keep crazy. The air is cool and night is coming.The quiet Rhine courses its way.The pinnacle of the mountain dazzlesWith nighttimes last ray.The most attractive of ladies is sittingUp there, a wonderful delight,Her brilliant gems are shining,Shes brushing her brilliant hair.She holds a brilliant comb,Singing along, as wellAn enthrallingAnd hypnotizing melody.In his little vessel, the boatmanIs seized by it with a savage woe.He doesn't view the rough ledgeBut fairly high up into the heavens.I feel that the waves will devourThe boatman and pontoon in the endAnd this by her tunes sheer powerFair Loreley has done. Heines Later Writings In Heines later works, perusers will take note of an expanded proportion of incongruity, mockery, and mind. He frequently disparaged sappy sentimentalism and over rich depictions of nature. In spite of the fact that Heine cherished his German roots, he frequently evaluated Germanys differentiating feeling of nationalism. Eventually, Heine left Germany, tired of its unforgiving oversight, and lived in France throughout the previous 25 years of his life. 10 years before he kicked the bucket, Heine turned out to be sick and never recuperated. Despite the fact that he was disabled for the following 10 years, he despite everything created a considerable lot of work, remembering work for Romanzero und Gedichte and Lutezia, an assortment of political articles. Heine didn't have any kids. At the point when he kicked the bucket in 1856, he deserted his a lot more youthful French spouse. The reason for his demise is accepted to be from ceaseless lead harming.

Const. law

Kenya has built up a pile of enter psychological oppression estimates which in the past were exemplified in various enactment, for example, the correctional code (top. 63). The measures extend from administrative and institutional estimates which generates the household, local and global levels. In spite of the nearness of these measures, the danger of fear endures. Key to every single common freedom is to bring up our human rights which are not Just for well behaved residents and the best among the Hawaiian yet additionally for the most noticeably terrible among us, including those sentenced for deplorable violations or those being investigated for loathsome demonstrations of terrorism.The paper tries to illuminate on that there is fragile equalization that is portrayed while ordering and upholding an enactment which may greatly affect the common freedoms on a people and how this sensitive parity might be accomplished. My view is that the law will regularly will in general cover wit h the common freedoms of the person in the general public whether the culprit or not, the technique that ought to be utilized is to what degree to these common freedoms must be constrained and which of these common freedoms that can be limited.These demonstrations of dread flourish in the opportunity of popular governments: the recover of affiliation, articulation and development appreciated in a liberal majority rule government are helpful for the arranging and execution of demonstrations of gross savagery, intended to destabilize or annihilate State structures, and to propel specific ideological closures. A sensitive equalization might be less in proof than intensity for disintegration of common freedoms because of saw emergencies. In the previous years, unlawful confinement was widespread generally influencing Somali exiles who were kept in Kenya with no charger .The ongoing bit of enactments has created up gripes for the most part from the Muslims ND the human rights dissident w ho have given contentions delineating hardship of essential opportunities and infringement of the constitution. A portion of these common freedoms that are influenced are protection, articulation, media, security, still, small voice, religion, conviction, feeling, possession and access to property. The Act looks to give reasons why these freedoms are limited however the inquiry emerges with regards to the real usage: that the law implementers won't in any capacity be one-sided.

Fashion Throughout History Sources for Research

Congress Passed The Organic Foods Production Act - 1450 Words

Congress passed the Organic Foods Production Act in 1990. The Act required the USDA to develop national standards for organically produced agricultural products to assure consumers that agricultural products marketed as organic do in fact meet consistent, uniform standards. Production and handling standards address organic crop production, wild crop harvesting, organic livestock management, and processing and handling of organic agricultural products. Organic crops are raised without using most conventional pesticides, petroleum-based fertilizers, or sewage sludge-based fertilizers. Animals raised on an organic operation must be fed organic feed and given access to the outdoors. They are given no antibiotics or growth hormones.†¦show more content†¦Products labeled 100 percent organic must contain only organically produced ingredients. Products labeled organic must consist of at least 95 percent organically produced ingredients. Products meeting the requirements for 100 percent organic and organic may display the USDA Organic seal. Processed products that contain at least 70 percent organic ingredients can use the phrase made with organic ingredients and list up to three of the organic ingredients or food groups on the principal display panel. For example, soup made with at least 70 percent organic ingredients and only organic vegetables may be labeled either made with organic peas, potatoes, and carrots, or made with organic vegetables. However, for these products, the USDA Organic seal cannot be used anywhere on the package. Processed products that contain less than 70 percent organic ingredients cannot use the term â€Å"organic† other than to identify the specific ingredients that are organically produced in the ingredients statement. Organic Farming is a deliberate approach to farming based on regeneration and the promotion of life and health in the soil. Organic farmers do not use most of the fertilizers and pesticides that are used by conventional farmers. By using

Ant101 Final Research Paper - 1307 Words

Final Research Paper Tanya ANT 101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Final Research Paper Different societies exist throughout the world and within these societies each society develops culture that works best for them. Within these cultures they pass all their acquired knowledge and traditions down from generation to generation. Nevertheless, each culture has their own way of life, own marriage beliefs, their own values and feelings on life and religious beliefs. Cultures tend to have their own way to run their government, and ways to keep their economy up to their standards. Most importantly in cultural anthropology it is imperative to value culture relativism. This is the view in which no culture is superior to other†¦show more content†¦Meanwhile, the segregation of jobs by gender and other factors affect pay equity. A term used back in the 1980’s as a metaphor for the invisible and artificial barriers that blocked women and minorities from advancing up the corporate ladder to management and executive positions is called the glass ceiling (Hill, 2013). Louisville Women’s Careers Examiner argues â€Å" Glass ceilings are still found in the workplaces, not only in the discrimination of pay scales, but also marked by sexual harassment, exploitation at work and as a feeling of insecurity in women due to conduct of the opposite sex† (Hill, 2013, p.33). Societal barriers that women tend to face are prejudice and bias, cultural, opportunity and attainment, gender, and color-based differences. Moreover, several other barriers women run into are governmental, business structural and internal businesses all of which have ramifications on their chances of success. One of the best forms of family structures is polygyny which has been eroded through modernity and changes in culture. A unique culture, polygyny, particularly practiced in the Sub-Saharan Africa. According to Grey (2008), â€Å"Of the twenty-nine nations in the world classified as having high rates of polygyny, twenty-seven are located in sub-Saharan Africa, where the incidence of co-wives is ten times that found in other polygynousShow MoreRelatedSample Research Proposal1378 Words   |  6 PagesJosh Peters-McBride, who is the Director of the Student Life and Leadership Programs at Southeast. Explanation of Research We started our research by locating the lockers on campus. We discovered that there are forty small lockers in the library. They are checked out for up to four hours a day through the library. We then took the following steps to collect data for a research paper for improving the locker program on the Southeast Portland Community College campus. †¢ We interviewed Nicole Seery

ERP Implementation A Compilation and Analysis of Critical Success Fac

Question: Discuss the factors you have identified and explain why they are more reliable than the clichs in the original article? Answer: Introduction ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning has become an essential part of corporate information technology. SME or small and medium size businesses are also now inclined to ERP implementation suitable for their business as ERP gives advantages in longer terms. During past, businesses used to implement information systems for their different core business processes. With time, the business processes have become complex, more data have been generated from those processes and it has become harder to integrated the heterogeneous legacy systems. For enterprises, those legacy systems gradually failed to cope up with the changed circumstances of the business processes and technologies. As a natural choice, the businesses want to have an integrated information technology solution for their business processes. ERP helped then to bridge the gap between what they had and what they wanted. With time ERP has become more sophisticated and more functional. Now it is available for any kind of business process. The vendors sell customizable ERP solutions. However, as ERP is closely related to the business processes, it is needed to be implemented very carefully. A change into another will affect the other. There have been several examples from various industries that shows fatal failures during their attempt to ERP implementation and that led them to significant losses. Studies have identified several critical success factors behind the implementation of ERP. However, there is no fixed list or solution. The main requirement is mapping the business process correctly to the ERP solution. (Harwood, 2003) Critical Success Factors Other than the shallow clichs found in the given case study, there are several other critical success factors or CSFs. Some of the important ones are given below, 1. Strong control from top management This is a first and foremost requirement of ERP projects. The top management should be very clear about the outcome of the project, the scope and objective of the project. They should also understand how well the business processes can be mapped to the implemented ERP solution. They should have backed up with all required knowledge about ERP implementation so that they can take decision about the project effectively. (Wong Tein, 2003) 2. Customization Customization is necessary if a business has chosen ERP solution from some vendor rather than in house solution. In industries, they are more interested in buying ERP solutions from vendors rather than building it in-house. Because solutions from vendors are cost effective. Now, there is a process of customizing an ERP solution according to the requirement of the business process. ERP is a modular system. The modules are highly coupled and cohesive by nature and that is why it offers an integrated business solution. Customization of the modules is very challenging. It may affect the inter-relationship among the modules and in that case the primary objective of ERP solution that is the integrated business solution will suffer. And it will become a factor behind the success or failure of the project. (Nah Delgado., 2006) 3. Business process reengineering In another case of ERP implementation, the business processes are customized to fit into the ERP implementation. This is also risky process. Because business process reengineering can be another project along with the implementation. So, at a time there will be two crucial projects running in the organization and as these projects are closely related so, managing both simultaneously is very challenging. And this plays crucial role behind the success of both projects. 4. Communication Communication for any task or within an organization is very important. There should be enough collaboration and communication across the organization and between the IT project management team and the management of the business. Clear communication clears up bubbles of confusion and other human behavioral factors. For a project like ERP, participation and collaboration among all parts of the business process and organization is very much needed. (Ram, et al., 2013) Communication also helps in building healthy organizational culture that in turns can play positive role behind success of any project even the ERP project. 5. Change control ERP implementation will bring certain changes in the working culture, business process etc. within an organization. The employees should be accustomed with it. They should not feel confused or afraid. A proper change control play a serious role in this context. 6. Employee Resistance Employees are driving force behind an organization and its business process. A common fear around ERP implementation may raise up among employees that it may cut down employment and they may become job less. As a consequence, they protest or resist to the changes and the ERP implementation. This is a very natural feeling for them. It is the responsibility of the organization to communicate with them, letting them go through some effective change control management policies and clearing out their fears. (Finney Corbett, 2007) 7. Participation of management and end users ERP implementation projects need participation of the IT staffs, management and the end users who will use the systems. This helps in deciding the acceptability of the system and the validation for the same. Building or implementation an ERP solution is actually the start of the scenario rather than the completion. So, this is an important CSF. 8. Testing Testing is important CSF because, generally vendors offer a prototype of the actual solution. Then depending on the business processes the prototype is customized. Thus it is needed to be tested thoroughly that whether the customization have done in the correct way or there are some issues. 9. Post implementation Phase Employees generally start actually utilizing all functionalities of an ERP system after they are accustomed with the system and they are confident. This takes some more time after the implementation of the ERP and a mere training is not the end of this learning phase. When the employees start utilizing the system, bugs may start coming in. but in most of the cases, during that time no project management team is there and it make the ERP system and the business process suffer. Some cases, there are maintenance team but bugs may paralyze the whole ERP system and in that case it needs more than maintenance support. (Ram, et al., 2013) Conclusion These CSFs are more than the clich factors as these covers up broader spectrum of CSFs and includes the clich factors too. References Finney, S. Corbett, M., 2007. ERP implementation: a compilation and analysis of critical success factors.. Business Process Management Journal, 13(3), pp. 329-347. Harwood, S., 2003. ERP: The Implementation Cycle. s.l.:Butterworth-Heinemann. Ifinedo, P., Rapp, B., Ifinedo, A. Sundberg, K., 2010. Relationships among ERP post-implementation success constructs: An analysis at the organizational level. Computers in Human Behavior, p. 11361148. Leon, A., 2008. Enterprise Resource Planning. s.l.:McGraw-Hill. Nah, F.-H. Delgado., S., 2006. Critical success factors for enterprise resource planning implementation and upgrade. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 46(5), p. 99. Ram, J., Corkindale, D. Wu, M.-L., 2013. Implementation critical success factors (CSFs) for ERP: Do they contribute to implementation success and post-implementation performance?.. International Journal of Production Economics, 144(1), pp. 157-174. Wong, B. Tein, D., 2003. Critical Success Factors for ERP Projects. Proceedings of the national conference of the Australian institute of project management..

Christians And Contraception Essays - Midwifery,

Christians And Contraception Christians and Contraception: Why it is Your Choice, and Why Christianity Was Wrong in the Past INTRODUCTION Contraception History Contraception is defined by Webster's II New Riverside Dictionary as ?the prevention of conception. ? Its synonym is ?birth control?; defined as ?the avoidance of unwanted pregnancies by preventing fertilization by the use of contraceptives or continence. ? It is argued that many forms of birth control are not in fact contraceptives because they do not interrupt the conceptual process, but merely inhibit the survival of the fertilized egg. While we will still frame our discussion in the general category of birth control, the distinctions are important when considering ethics. For example, since the so-called morning after pill prevents the fertilized egg from attaching itself to the wall of the uterus, and thus causing a miscarriage, it technically would be a form of birth control, not conception control . Ancient societies understood the difference between preventing conception and killing an infant. In fact, they used a variety of techniques to try and prevent conception. Coitus interruptus, also known as withdrawal, was widely practiced. It was, however, condemned by conservative Judaism and Roman Catholicism as a vice against nature. This idea grew from the belief that semen was a seed, containing everything necessary for life, and the womb was fertile soil in which to plant the seed. The seeds were believed to be finite, thus carelessly wasting them endangered the future health of the tribe . The ancients also used types of diaphragms to block the sperm. In Africa, women used plugs of chopped grass or cloth. Japanese women used balls of bamboo tissue paper. Greek women used wool . While birth control in one form or another has existed for as long as human culture, there have also been attempts to prevent anything that impeded pregnancy and birth. In 1873, Anthony Comstock was successful in passing a law through Congress that defined contraceptive information as obscene. This was the outgrowth of abortion legislation that outlawed all abortions except those necessary to save the life of a woman. In 1869, Pope Pius IX had declared that all abortion is murder. This was a change from previous Roman Catholic teaching that considered 40 days after conception for a boy and 80 days for a girl as the moment of quickening, meaning the beginning of life. The moment of conception now became the beginning of life, and actually the sperm and egg were even seen to be alive . Types of Contraceptives Contraceptive methods for women include the rhythm method?abstinence around the most likely time of ovulation?and precoital insertion into the vagina of substances (creams, foams, jellies, or suppositories) containing spermatocidal chemicals. The use of a diaphragm, a rubber cup-shaped device inserted before intercourse, which prevents sperm from reaching the uterine cervix. It is usually used with spermatocidal substances, intrauterine devices, or IUDs, are variously shaped small objects inserted by a doctor into the uterus: they apparently act by creating a uterine environment hostile either to the sperm or to the fertilized egg. The birth control pill, an oral contraceptive, involves a hormonal method in which estrogen and progestins are taken cyclically for 21 days a month. These pills suppress production of the hormone that would ordinarily cause ovulation . Other forms include sterilization of either the man or woman, and many new techniques and medications such as the previous ly mentioned ?morning-after? pill, or ?minutes-after? hormone, and also different forms of progestin injections or insertions . The Ethical Contraception Argument The morality of contraception has been argued for centuries. Traditional Christians view the use of contraceptives or contraceptive behavior as sinful and in opposition to God's will for humanity. These fundamentalists have interpreted small pieces of Biblical scripture to reveal the word of God, which shuns birth control. There has also been brought forth a scientific argument supporting the disallowance of Christians utilizing contraception techniques. On the other hand there is abundant evidence that welcomes the intelligent use of birth control measures into the lives of Christians living in the twenty-first century. There has been counter arguments formed to the traditional views, and stunning revelations about the misinterpretation of God's word in scripture. Also, it will not be a surprise that there is

Information System Security essays

Information System Security essays With growth, problems arise; and problems bring on solutions. As information system technologies become, now more than ever, a part of our survival, threats arise as well. The main focus of these threats is to invade our privacy and disrupt our function. Whether to steal our identity for criminal financial gain or just to play a prank to fill a wasted day, cyber crimes have affected peoples homes as well as corporate headquarters. Nevertheless, society has become more aware of the existence of such activity, and is taking steps towards fighting these technological transgressions. The threats on todays information systems include, but not limited to, the following: Spy ware, viruses and worms, spam, cookies, PHISH scams, and malicious acts. A spy ware is a program that is installed on a computer with out the users knowledge; in order to collect information on the user. [19] Spy ware uses the computers processing resources in order to run, and in many cases causes the computer to become extremely sluggish or even totally unusable. [19] There are several types of spy ware; among which are ad ware (installed by advertisers), Trojans (collects personal information and passwords), key loggers (stores every user key-stroke), and bundled installs (spy ware downloaded as part of a useful application). [19] Ad ware is commonly the least problematic out of the different types of spy ware due to the fact that it uses the least amount of processing resources and it helps advertisers collect useful marketing data on customers; however, it can prove cumbersome when it causes pop-up windows to appear. On the other side of the spectrum, Trojans and key loggers collect information for identity theft and fraud purposes. [19] Viruses and worms are programs that are intentionally created to disrupt the functionality of an information system. [22] There are two types of viruses, email viruses and viruses the result from u...

Death Penalty II Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Death Penalty II - Research Paper Example Nevertheless, the bible upholds human life as sanctity and the same Bible instruct no one to kill. Humans have enforced the law through the constitution and in United States, since the 1787 constitution, the 5th, 8th, and 14th amendments expressly support the act, but places limits in prosecution. Capital punishment methods have changed; methods such as electrocution, lethal gas injection, and use of gas chambers are the modern methods. The death penalty is intended to help deter crime by acting as a warning message to potential criminals. This paper finally addresses the implication of the punishment on criminals and society at large. Keywords: Death Penalty, Capital Punishment, Criminals, Cruel, Unusual, 5th/8th/ 14th Amendment, Crime, Human Life, Crime Deterrence, Torture, Constitution Death Penalty Most countries and world human rights organizations have abolished and are against the death penalty for any type of crime. However, some nations still retain it and are strongly suppo rted by their constitutions for certain death eligible crimes. The federal government and a high number of states in the United States allow the death penalty, even though they have acted to amend the legislature with time. The Constitution The US federal government has for the last two centuries practiced death penalty, since its adoption from England. The U S supreme court has always held it to be constitutional, apart from the challenging period between 1972 to 1976 in the case of Furman v Georgia, where Furman challenged the 8th amendment arguing that it resulted in arbitrary and capricious sentencing, which caused the penalty to be concluded as cruel and unusual in the violation of the amendment (â€Å"Constitutionality† n.d.). Since the first US constitution of 1787, thousands of individuals have been executed to what has been upheld by the U S criminal justice system. Over time, reasons that would call for the penalty have changed and so far, the US constitution reserv es the policy for murder, treason, espionage, or as part of the military justice, which is contrary to some Middle East countries that have religious sharia law embedded in their constitution, making the punishment applicable to additional sexual and apostasy crimes. The fifth amendment of the US constitution clearly allow for life taking, without use of ambiguous phrases like in 8th and 14th amendments. It states that no individual can be punished through death penalty ‘answering for infamous crime or for a capital,’ unless the case is presented for review or condemnation of a Grand Jury; in short, the law has to be followed before attempt to be put in jeopardy of life or deny criminals of their lives, property, or liberty (â€Å"The Death,† 2007). The law however places limits in the prosecution putting it clear that the accused has to receive proper indictment, trial, and conviction by the grand jury. The phrase mentions of answering for capital, which openly suggests serious crimes punishable by death. Since then, the congress has since adopted, revised, or rejected certain bills related to capital punishment. The 8th amendment indirectly emphasizes on death penalty, even though it clearly bans cruel and unusual punishments. Before this amendment, most states had already been practicing it and hence the use of the terms ‘cruel and unusual’

Chinese international expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Chinese international expansion - Essay Example h the solid backing from the parent organisation, ICT, Lenovo attained huge success through add-on cards market that became the utmost chief source of returns in this phase (Ronghui, 2005 p. 19). From 1991, Lenovo Group Ltd. started to vend its own PCs brand. Because of its suitable business approaches, it put up a renowned PC brand within Chinese market within a very brief time. By 1994, Lenovo Group converted to a public firm, listed at the Hong Kong Stock-Exchange. By 1997, it beat IBM, HP and Compaq turning into the leading computer vendor in China and has remained in the first place up to now with an incessantly expanding market-share of virtually 30 per cent of the total market-share. Its product groupings have been differentiated to encompass PC modules, servers, printers, digital cameras, network machines and mobile phones (Ronghui, 2005 p. 25). Though Lenovo attained the excellent success within national market, its global business still remained in a premature stage. Afore the IBM PCD’s acquisition was announced, its foreign ventures have been established only within a few overseas countries largely focusing upon East-South Asia (Ronghui, 2005 p. 22). Lenovo sales from foreign market accounted for roughly only 10 percent of Lenovo’s overall revenue. Before the IBM PCD’s acquisition, Lenovo was, nonetheless, continuing with a premature phase of internationalisation procedure of employing stages approaches, for instance, Dunning’s eclectic model or Uppsala model. For example, through employing Dunning’s IDP methodology, Lenovo’s was in the phase two up to time of acquisition. Rendering to these stages concepts, Lenovo should have followed an incremental procedure for its transnational expansion procedure. Nonetheless, Lenovo assimilated IBM PCD and... Overseas investment holding firms play a crucial role within the outward investment stratagems of Chinese private and state-owned businesses via onward journey outward foreign direct investment. A good example is the IBM PC’s acquisition by Lenovo. Seeking strategic assets is absolutely not the most crucial driver of outward foreign direct investment within these private corporations, majority of which can suffer more grim financial constrictions than big state-owned firms. A crucial reason for international expansion in these companies is to expand affairs with other prosperous TNCs, often operating as suppliers to engineering OEMs, and/or as providers of services. In the case for Lenovo, it is evident that the companies in the early instance, they develop their own fundamental resources as well as capabilities. There exists a genuine function for tax harbours as well as offshore financial hubs, as they allow economic endeavour to transpire that otherwise might never have occ urred. The establishment of partners in tax sanctuaries is not essentially harmful. Undeniably, an unplanned tax laws consequence supporting foreign investment within China is that it has generated inducements for firms to move overseas. Offshore holding firms in renowned tax harbours, in effect, may as well build a good basis for more international expansion.

Curriculum Trends Essay Example for Free

Curriculum Trends Essay

Abraham Lincoln and Slavery during the Civil War Essay -- Slavery Essay

Abraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"I claim not to have controlled events, but confess plainly that events have controlled me† (â€Å"Letter to Albert G. Hodges† 281 as qtd. in R.J. Norton 1). In accordance with his quote, when President Lincoln issued the unprecedented Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, Lincoln freed slaves in the Southern states, but he and his actions were being controlled by Civil War. The Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865 between the Northern states, or the Union, and the Southern states, or the Confederacy. On September 22, 1862, in the midst of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln put forth a Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation (Tackach 45). The document stated that after January 1, 1863, slaves belonging to all Southern states that were still in rebellion would be free (Tackach 45). However, the Emancipation Proclamation had no immediate effect; slavery was not legally prohibited until the Thirteenth Amendment was added t o the Constitution in 1865, about three years after the Emancipation Proclamation was decreed (Tackach 9-10). If the Emancipation Proclamation did not completely abolish slavery, what was the point of the document? Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation was not actually written for the purpose of freeing any slaves. Rather, it was a war tactic to militarily weaken the South, add soldiers to the Union cause, and please abolitionist Northerners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the start of the Civil War, Lincoln clarified that the goal of the war was not â€Å"`to put down slavery, but to put the flag back,’† and he refused to declare the war as a war over slavery (Brodie 155 as qtd. in Klingaman 75-76). In a letter to Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, in August 1862, Lincoln wrote: â€Å"My paramount object in this struggle is not either to save or destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing [any] slave I would do it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Selected Speeches 343 as qtd. in Tackach 44). Lincoln also refused to declare that slavery was the Civil War’s main focus because many Whites in the North and in the much-valued Border States would not agree with a war to free slaves since they believed Blacks were inferior to Whites (Wheeler 225-226). The political and military advantages of the Border States made Lincoln reluctant to proclaim the Civil War to be a war about slavery (Wheeler 225-226). Even Jefferson Davis, president of the en... ...Nation: A History of the United States. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999. Lincoln, Abraham. Selected Speeches and Writings. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, - as quoted in - Tackach, James. The Emancipation Proclamation: Abolishing Slavery in the South. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1999. Lincoln, Abraham. â€Å"The Emancipation Proclamation.† Washington D.C.: 1863 -as quoted in- Klingaman, William K. Abraham Lincoln and the Road to Emancipation: 1861-1865. New York: Viking, 2001. McPherson, James M. Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990 - as quoted in - Klingaman, William K. Abraham Lincoln and the Road to Emancipation: 1861-1865. New York: Viking, 2001. Norton, Mary Beth et al. A People and a Nation: A History of the United States. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999. Tackach, James. The Emancipation Proclamation: Abolishing Slavery in the South. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1999. Wheeler, William Bruce and Susan D. Becker. Discovering the American Past: A Look at the Evidence. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998. â€Å"Writing the Emancipation Proclamation.† N/G. History Matters. 2 March 2005 . Abraham Lincoln and Slavery during the Civil War Essay -- Slavery Essay Abraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"I claim not to have controlled events, but confess plainly that events have controlled me† (â€Å"Letter to Albert G. Hodges† 281 as qtd. in R.J. Norton 1). In accordance with his quote, when President Lincoln issued the unprecedented Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, Lincoln freed slaves in the Southern states, but he and his actions were being controlled by Civil War. The Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865 between the Northern states, or the Union, and the Southern states, or the Confederacy. On September 22, 1862, in the midst of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln put forth a Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation (Tackach 45). The document stated that after January 1, 1863, slaves belonging to all Southern states that were still in rebellion would be free (Tackach 45). However, the Emancipation Proclamation had no immediate effect; slavery was not legally prohibited until the Thirteenth Amendment was added t o the Constitution in 1865, about three years after the Emancipation Proclamation was decreed (Tackach 9-10). If the Emancipation Proclamation did not completely abolish slavery, what was the point of the document? Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation was not actually written for the purpose of freeing any slaves. Rather, it was a war tactic to militarily weaken the South, add soldiers to the Union cause, and please abolitionist Northerners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the start of the Civil War, Lincoln clarified that the goal of the war was not â€Å"`to put down slavery, but to put the flag back,’† and he refused to declare the war as a war over slavery (Brodie 155 as qtd. in Klingaman 75-76). In a letter to Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, in August 1862, Lincoln wrote: â€Å"My paramount object in this struggle is not either to save or destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing [any] slave I would do it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Selected Speeches 343 as qtd. in Tackach 44). Lincoln also refused to declare that slavery was the Civil War’s main focus because many Whites in the North and in the much-valued Border States would not agree with a war to free slaves since they believed Blacks were inferior to Whites (Wheeler 225-226). The political and military advantages of the Border States made Lincoln reluctant to proclaim the Civil War to be a war about slavery (Wheeler 225-226). Even Jefferson Davis, president of the en... ...Nation: A History of the United States. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999. Lincoln, Abraham. Selected Speeches and Writings. New York: Vintage Books, 1992, - as quoted in - Tackach, James. The Emancipation Proclamation: Abolishing Slavery in the South. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1999. Lincoln, Abraham. â€Å"The Emancipation Proclamation.† Washington D.C.: 1863 -as quoted in- Klingaman, William K. Abraham Lincoln and the Road to Emancipation: 1861-1865. New York: Viking, 2001. McPherson, James M. Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990 - as quoted in - Klingaman, William K. Abraham Lincoln and the Road to Emancipation: 1861-1865. New York: Viking, 2001. Norton, Mary Beth et al. A People and a Nation: A History of the United States. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999. Tackach, James. The Emancipation Proclamation: Abolishing Slavery in the South. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1999. Wheeler, William Bruce and Susan D. Becker. Discovering the American Past: A Look at the Evidence. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998. â€Å"Writing the Emancipation Proclamation.† N/G. History Matters. 2 March 2005 .

Life in the 13 Original Colonies Essay

In the 1600’s and 1700’s, the economies of the northern and southern colonies were affected due to many different factors. Because of the different climates and geography of their land, the northern colonies and southern colonies had different resources available to them, which shaped their societies into what they are today. The resources available to the northern colonies were completely different from the resources that were available to the southern colonies. In the northern colonies, due to the climate and geography of their land, crop growth wasn’t as successful as it was in the south. The could weather and rocky land made it hard for them so as time went on, the northern colonies became more of an industrial people and relied more on manufacturing things like naval equipment and rum. A few of the northern colonies participated in what they called a triangular trade system where New England traded rum for slaves from Africa and then these slaves were given to the west indies in exchange for sugar and molasses, which was made into rum again. The northern colonies heavily relied on this system and it was this that brought New England success. In the south, the climate was mainly warm and perfect for crop growth so the southern colonies became more agricultural. The main reason the south had such great success in the area of crop growth was because they discovered a great cash crop called tobacco. Due to it’s addictive nature and great taste, the demand for it was very high. The south purchased tons of slaves because farmers relied on slavery to help the success of their farms and crops. They were different from the northern colonies in this way because the north rarely used slaves. They merely transported them. Education was strongly affected by the geography and climate also, believe it or not. The North was cold and hard to grow crops in so they were more industrial based. This meant that all of the people needed to know how to read and write in order to make deals with the other nations. In the northern colonies, there were very few public schools. Therefore, the parents of children usually just hired a tutor until they went off to a university. If the family couldn’t afford a tutor, then they either sent the child to a public school, or didn’t educate them at all. In the south, the climate and geography was perfect for growing crops. Therefore most people lived on large farms called plantations. There was less emphasis on education in the south because most of the people were  slaves or indentured servants. Also, even many of the landowners didn’t know how to read or write because not much is needed to know in order to farm and they didn’t have to worry about trading overseas. They left that to the north. Ultimately, the geography and climate of the northern and southern colonies was the main factor that shaped the societies into what they are today. For instance, the north had horrible luck in climate for crop growth, which made them more of an industrial group of settlers. The south thrived on crop growth, which made them more of an agricultural group of settlers.

Picasso s Influence On The 20th Century - 1160 Words

Pablo Picasso is a legacy, known for his works of paintings, sculptures, collages, drawings, etchings, and ceramics. He is a Spanish born artist who eventually moved to France in 1900 where he the rest of his life. Picasso is one of the most known artists in the world of modern art with the most distinct and recognizable style. More than 45,000 of his works were discovered in his home in Paris. Picasso’s work was discovered to critics when a selection from the collection was exhibited in Paris in 1979. Reviews varied from â€Å"stunning† and â€Å"overwhelming† to â€Å"enough masterpieces for six great painters,† but the highest glory was kept for the sculptures. In more than 75 years of his long career, Pablo Picasso developed or opened the gates to most of the major styles of the 20th century. Picasso is an abstract artist, and therefore is thought of as â€Å"unskilled,† by the way he accentuates parts of the human figure. Picasso’s art had the most impact on the twentieth century. Even though he suggests going against what he had learned academically, it is important to know that he had started at a very young age. His father was a drawing teacher and a conservator at a small museum. Soon after his father became a professor at the art academy in Barcelona, the young Picasso completed the entrance examinations and was accepted to the school’s upper-level program. Picasso went to Paris determined to work through the avant-gardes’ techniques and subjects to better understand such art.Show MoreRelated Pablo Picasso - His Life and His Art Essay1222 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Picasso - His Life and His Art Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, painter, sculptor, and printmaker, was born in Malaga Spain on October 25, 1881 and died on April 8, 1973.Today he is considered to be one of the most influential and successful artists in history. Picasso contributed many things to 19th century and modern day art and his name is familiar to all those involved in the many different fields of art. 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