Fashion Throughout History Sources for Research

Congress Passed The Organic Foods Production Act - 1450 Words

Congress passed the Organic Foods Production Act in 1990. The Act required the USDA to develop national standards for organically produced agricultural products to assure consumers that agricultural products marketed as organic do in fact meet consistent, uniform standards. Production and handling standards address organic crop production, wild crop harvesting, organic livestock management, and processing and handling of organic agricultural products. Organic crops are raised without using most conventional pesticides, petroleum-based fertilizers, or sewage sludge-based fertilizers. Animals raised on an organic operation must be fed organic feed and given access to the outdoors. They are given no antibiotics or growth hormones.†¦show more content†¦Products labeled 100 percent organic must contain only organically produced ingredients. Products labeled organic must consist of at least 95 percent organically produced ingredients. Products meeting the requirements for 100 percent organic and organic may display the USDA Organic seal. Processed products that contain at least 70 percent organic ingredients can use the phrase made with organic ingredients and list up to three of the organic ingredients or food groups on the principal display panel. For example, soup made with at least 70 percent organic ingredients and only organic vegetables may be labeled either made with organic peas, potatoes, and carrots, or made with organic vegetables. However, for these products, the USDA Organic seal cannot be used anywhere on the package. Processed products that contain less than 70 percent organic ingredients cannot use the term â€Å"organic† other than to identify the specific ingredients that are organically produced in the ingredients statement. Organic Farming is a deliberate approach to farming based on regeneration and the promotion of life and health in the soil. Organic farmers do not use most of the fertilizers and pesticides that are used by conventional farmers. By using

Ant101 Final Research Paper - 1307 Words

Final Research Paper Tanya ANT 101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Final Research Paper Different societies exist throughout the world and within these societies each society develops culture that works best for them. Within these cultures they pass all their acquired knowledge and traditions down from generation to generation. Nevertheless, each culture has their own way of life, own marriage beliefs, their own values and feelings on life and religious beliefs. Cultures tend to have their own way to run their government, and ways to keep their economy up to their standards. Most importantly in cultural anthropology it is imperative to value culture relativism. This is the view in which no culture is superior to other†¦show more content†¦Meanwhile, the segregation of jobs by gender and other factors affect pay equity. A term used back in the 1980’s as a metaphor for the invisible and artificial barriers that blocked women and minorities from advancing up the corporate ladder to management and executive positions is called the glass ceiling (Hill, 2013). Louisville Women’s Careers Examiner argues â€Å" Glass ceilings are still found in the workplaces, not only in the discrimination of pay scales, but also marked by sexual harassment, exploitation at work and as a feeling of insecurity in women due to conduct of the opposite sex† (Hill, 2013, p.33). Societal barriers that women tend to face are prejudice and bias, cultural, opportunity and attainment, gender, and color-based differences. Moreover, several other barriers women run into are governmental, business structural and internal businesses all of which have ramifications on their chances of success. One of the best forms of family structures is polygyny which has been eroded through modernity and changes in culture. A unique culture, polygyny, particularly practiced in the Sub-Saharan Africa. According to Grey (2008), â€Å"Of the twenty-nine nations in the world classified as having high rates of polygyny, twenty-seven are located in sub-Saharan Africa, where the incidence of co-wives is ten times that found in other polygynousShow MoreRelatedSample Research Proposal1378 Words   |  6 PagesJosh Peters-McBride, who is the Director of the Student Life and Leadership Programs at Southeast. Explanation of Research We started our research by locating the lockers on campus. We discovered that there are forty small lockers in the library. They are checked out for up to four hours a day through the library. We then took the following steps to collect data for a research paper for improving the locker program on the Southeast Portland Community College campus. †¢ We interviewed Nicole Seery

ERP Implementation A Compilation and Analysis of Critical Success Fac

Question: Discuss the factors you have identified and explain why they are more reliable than the clichs in the original article? Answer: Introduction ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning has become an essential part of corporate information technology. SME or small and medium size businesses are also now inclined to ERP implementation suitable for their business as ERP gives advantages in longer terms. During past, businesses used to implement information systems for their different core business processes. With time, the business processes have become complex, more data have been generated from those processes and it has become harder to integrated the heterogeneous legacy systems. For enterprises, those legacy systems gradually failed to cope up with the changed circumstances of the business processes and technologies. As a natural choice, the businesses want to have an integrated information technology solution for their business processes. ERP helped then to bridge the gap between what they had and what they wanted. With time ERP has become more sophisticated and more functional. Now it is available for any kind of business process. The vendors sell customizable ERP solutions. However, as ERP is closely related to the business processes, it is needed to be implemented very carefully. A change into another will affect the other. There have been several examples from various industries that shows fatal failures during their attempt to ERP implementation and that led them to significant losses. Studies have identified several critical success factors behind the implementation of ERP. However, there is no fixed list or solution. The main requirement is mapping the business process correctly to the ERP solution. (Harwood, 2003) Critical Success Factors Other than the shallow clichs found in the given case study, there are several other critical success factors or CSFs. Some of the important ones are given below, 1. Strong control from top management This is a first and foremost requirement of ERP projects. The top management should be very clear about the outcome of the project, the scope and objective of the project. They should also understand how well the business processes can be mapped to the implemented ERP solution. They should have backed up with all required knowledge about ERP implementation so that they can take decision about the project effectively. (Wong Tein, 2003) 2. Customization Customization is necessary if a business has chosen ERP solution from some vendor rather than in house solution. In industries, they are more interested in buying ERP solutions from vendors rather than building it in-house. Because solutions from vendors are cost effective. Now, there is a process of customizing an ERP solution according to the requirement of the business process. ERP is a modular system. The modules are highly coupled and cohesive by nature and that is why it offers an integrated business solution. Customization of the modules is very challenging. It may affect the inter-relationship among the modules and in that case the primary objective of ERP solution that is the integrated business solution will suffer. And it will become a factor behind the success or failure of the project. (Nah Delgado., 2006) 3. Business process reengineering In another case of ERP implementation, the business processes are customized to fit into the ERP implementation. This is also risky process. Because business process reengineering can be another project along with the implementation. So, at a time there will be two crucial projects running in the organization and as these projects are closely related so, managing both simultaneously is very challenging. And this plays crucial role behind the success of both projects. 4. Communication Communication for any task or within an organization is very important. There should be enough collaboration and communication across the organization and between the IT project management team and the management of the business. Clear communication clears up bubbles of confusion and other human behavioral factors. For a project like ERP, participation and collaboration among all parts of the business process and organization is very much needed. (Ram, et al., 2013) Communication also helps in building healthy organizational culture that in turns can play positive role behind success of any project even the ERP project. 5. Change control ERP implementation will bring certain changes in the working culture, business process etc. within an organization. The employees should be accustomed with it. They should not feel confused or afraid. A proper change control play a serious role in this context. 6. Employee Resistance Employees are driving force behind an organization and its business process. A common fear around ERP implementation may raise up among employees that it may cut down employment and they may become job less. As a consequence, they protest or resist to the changes and the ERP implementation. This is a very natural feeling for them. It is the responsibility of the organization to communicate with them, letting them go through some effective change control management policies and clearing out their fears. (Finney Corbett, 2007) 7. Participation of management and end users ERP implementation projects need participation of the IT staffs, management and the end users who will use the systems. This helps in deciding the acceptability of the system and the validation for the same. Building or implementation an ERP solution is actually the start of the scenario rather than the completion. So, this is an important CSF. 8. Testing Testing is important CSF because, generally vendors offer a prototype of the actual solution. Then depending on the business processes the prototype is customized. Thus it is needed to be tested thoroughly that whether the customization have done in the correct way or there are some issues. 9. Post implementation Phase Employees generally start actually utilizing all functionalities of an ERP system after they are accustomed with the system and they are confident. This takes some more time after the implementation of the ERP and a mere training is not the end of this learning phase. When the employees start utilizing the system, bugs may start coming in. but in most of the cases, during that time no project management team is there and it make the ERP system and the business process suffer. Some cases, there are maintenance team but bugs may paralyze the whole ERP system and in that case it needs more than maintenance support. (Ram, et al., 2013) Conclusion These CSFs are more than the clich factors as these covers up broader spectrum of CSFs and includes the clich factors too. References Finney, S. Corbett, M., 2007. ERP implementation: a compilation and analysis of critical success factors.. Business Process Management Journal, 13(3), pp. 329-347. Harwood, S., 2003. ERP: The Implementation Cycle. s.l.:Butterworth-Heinemann. Ifinedo, P., Rapp, B., Ifinedo, A. Sundberg, K., 2010. Relationships among ERP post-implementation success constructs: An analysis at the organizational level. Computers in Human Behavior, p. 11361148. Leon, A., 2008. Enterprise Resource Planning. s.l.:McGraw-Hill. Nah, F.-H. Delgado., S., 2006. Critical success factors for enterprise resource planning implementation and upgrade. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 46(5), p. 99. Ram, J., Corkindale, D. Wu, M.-L., 2013. Implementation critical success factors (CSFs) for ERP: Do they contribute to implementation success and post-implementation performance?.. International Journal of Production Economics, 144(1), pp. 157-174. Wong, B. Tein, D., 2003. Critical Success Factors for ERP Projects. Proceedings of the national conference of the Australian institute of project management..